RECRUITINGINTERVENTIONAL

Migraine in Adolescents

About This Trial

Aim 1. To identify psychophysical and neural factors predicting migraine onset in adolescents Aim 2a. To determine hormonal, psychophysical, and neural changes associated with migraine onset. Aim 2b. To identify the temporal relationships between hormonal, psychophysical, and neural changes preceding vs. following migraine onset. Aim 3. To identify psychophysical and neural factors predicting migraine prognosis in adolescents with migraine.

Who May Be Eligible (Plain English)

Inclusion criteria for healthy participants: 1. Age 10-13 2. Males or females (biological sex) 3. Not diagnosed with migraine or having migraine symptoms 4. With a first degree relative diagnosed with migraine (for the Fam-His group) or without a first or a second degree relative diagnosed with migraine (for the No-Fam-His group) Inclusion criteria for participants with migraine: 1. Age 10-13 2. Males or females (biological sex) 3. Diagnosed with migraine or having migraine symptoms 4. Migraine duration \> 6 months 5. Without preventative treatment or with stable preventative treatment for migraine (no change in intervention in the last 6 months) Exclusion Criteria for the healthy group: - Participants will not be enrolled if any of the following criteria exist and based on the investigator discretion: 1. Diagnosis of any chronic pain syndrome 2. Diagnosis of a neurological, developmental, pubertal, or psychiatric disorder 3. Taking pain or psychiatric medications regularly 4. Having an MRI contraindication such as metal in the body or claustrophobia 5. Not able to understand and communicate in English Exclusion Criteria for the migraine group - Participants will not be enrolled if any of the following criteria exist and based on the investigator discretion: 1. Diagnosis of any chronic pain syndrome other than migraine 2. Diagnosis of a neurological, developmental, pubertal, or psychiatric disorder 3. Having an MRI contraindication such as metal in the body or claustrophobia 4. Not able to understand and communicate in English Always talk to your doctor about whether this trial is right for you.

Original Eligibility Criteria

View original clinical language

Inclusion criteria for healthy participants: 1. Age 10-13 2. Males or females (biological sex) 3. Not diagnosed with migraine or having migraine symptoms 4. With a first degree relative diagnosed with migraine (for the Fam-His group) or without a first or a second degree relative diagnosed with migraine (for the No-Fam-His group) Inclusion criteria for participants with migraine: 1. Age 10-13 2. Males or females (biological sex) 3. Diagnosed with migraine or having migraine symptoms 4. Migraine duration \> 6 months 5. Without preventative treatment or with stable preventative treatment for migraine (no change in intervention in the last 6 months) Exclusion Criteria for the healthy group: * Participants will not be enrolled if any of the following criteria exist and based on the investigator discretion: 1. Diagnosis of any chronic pain syndrome 2. Diagnosis of a neurological, developmental, pubertal, or psychiatric disorder 3. Taking pain or psychiatric medications regularly 4. Having an MRI contraindication such as metal in the body or claustrophobia 5. Not able to understand and communicate in English Exclusion Criteria for the migraine group * Participants will not be enrolled if any of the following criteria exist and based on the investigator discretion: 1. Diagnosis of any chronic pain syndrome other than migraine 2. Diagnosis of a neurological, developmental, pubertal, or psychiatric disorder 3. Having an MRI contraindication such as metal in the body or claustrophobia 4. Not able to understand and communicate in English

Treatments Being Tested

DEVICE

MRI

Grey Matter Volume (T1) Resting state BOLD

DEVICE

Thermal Stimuli

The Thermal Sensory Analyzer (TSA-II or PATHWAY platform - Medoc, Ramat Yishai, Israel) will be used to safely deliver heat and cold stimuli. These devices can deliver relatively complex stimuli via computer control. All targeted stimulus temperatures will be less than 50°C, and participants will be free to remove their arm or leg at any time from the thermode. Noxious cold stimuli will also be delivered with a plastic water container or a water bath (FISHER, USA). Participants will be free to pull out of the water bath at any time.

DEVICE

Pressure stimuli

Pressure stimuli will be applied by using a handheld algometer (Wagner Instruments) or the Pressure Algometer (Medoc, Ramat Yishai, Israel). These devices have a round probe that allows quantifying the amount of pressure that is being applied. The Pressure Algometer allows a real-time visual feedback to control and monitor applied pressure rates. Pressure will be applied to the lower leg, volar forearm, or trapezius.

BEHAVIORAL

Pain ratings

Pain intensity and pain unpleasantness ratings will be assessed by numerical rating scale (ranging from 0- no pain/unpleasantness to- 10 or 100 the most intense/unpleasantness pain imaginable) and by mechanical and computerized visual analog scales (VAS which ranges between ''no pain sensation'' and ''most intense pain imaginable'').

BEHAVIORAL

Pressure pain thresholds (PPT)

Pressure will be increased continually and participants will be instructed to press a button the first moment they feel pain from the pressure stimulus.

BEHAVIORAL

Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) efficiency

The CPM paradigm assesses endogenous inhibitory pain modulation efficiency related to spatial filtering of nociceptive information.

DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Hormonal assessment

Blood samples will be collected for analyses of sex hormone levels

BEHAVIORAL

Migraine-related measures

Adolescents with migraine will complete questions regarding their headache frequency and migraine symptoms.

BEHAVIORAL

Neural assessments

MRI and fMRI scans

DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Pubertal status

Pubertal status will be assessed using the self-reported Physical Developmental Scale-

Locations (1)

Washington University School of Medicine

St Louis, Missouri, United States